Tradurre Dante in polacco. Alcune riflessioni sulla resa dell'allotropia dantesca nelle traduzioni polacche del XIX secolo

The greatest difficulty in translating Dante Alighieri’s Divine Comedy into another language certainly consists in rendering as much as possible the richness of diatopic, diastratic and diaphasic registers and linguistic variants present in the poem. The language used by Dante expresses the various tones of the vernacular, also making use of various idioms, styles and literary genres that are also very different from each other. The different components brought to light both on a phonomorphological and lexical level often settle into linguistic allotropes, voices which, while going back to the same origin and retaining the same meaning, are formally differentiated. The abundance of allotropes is in fact a very important prerogative of the language of the Comedy. The article, focusing in particular on the phenomenon of allotropy in the original Italian, analyzes and compares the solutions provided by nineteenth‑century translators: in particular, Julian Korsak, Antoni Stanisławski, Edward Porębowicz, and the unpublished translation by Józef Ignacy Kraszewski.