Anomia, anormalità e patologia: alcune note sulla relazione tra filosofia, scienze umane e psichiatria

In this paper we intend to analyse the relationship between philosophy, psychiatry and, in wider terms, among human sciences. The key issue is here identified as the mechanism that produces the relationship between physiology (normality) and pathology in medical and the human sciences. The path that we will follow is divided into three stages: first, we will analyse the confusion between fact and value (i.e.; between the quantitative and qualitative dimension in the human phenomenon); second, we will approach the connection between the birth of the human sciences and the emergence of the device normal/pathological (Comte and the principle Broussais; Durkheim and the notion of anomie in relation to the division of labour and suicide); finally, we will touch upon the ultimate question about psychiatry: is it a science of “man” (Binswanger) or a knowledge/power based device that determines the structure of modernity (Foucault)?